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Collateral Eligibility of Corporate Debt in the Eurosystem
(2020-04-01)
We study how the Eurosystem Collateral Framework for corporate bonds helps the European Central Bank (ECB) fulfill its policy mandate. Using the ECBs eligibility list, we identify the first inclusion date of both bonds and ...
Inside the ESG Ratings: (Dis)agreement and Performance
(2020-07-31)
We analyze the ESG rating criteria used by prominent agencies and show that there is a lack of a commonality in the definition of ESG (i) characteristics, (ii) attributes and (iii) standards in defining E, S and G components. ...
The COVID-19 Shock and Equity Shortfall: Firm-Level Evidence from Ital
(2020-10-29)
We employ a representative sample of 80,972 Italian firms to forecast the drop in profits and the equity shortfall triggered by the COVID-19 lockdown. A 3-month lockdown generates an aggregate yearly drop in profits of ...